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Сельдевые акулы (семейство) Роды и виды | Примечания | Навигацияверсии1 правкаверсии1 правкаСистематикана ВикивидахИзображенияна Викискладе159901784418798058710.1111/j.1469-7998.2008.00494.x.Большой древнегреческий словарьАрхивировано

Животные по алфавитуСельдевые акулыСемейства хрящевых рыб


лат.хрящевых рыбламнообразныхМировому океануатлантической сельдевой акулыбелой акулыплейстоценемегалодонпелагическийгреч.тюленямиморскими котикамикаланамилососёваяАкула-макоспортивного рыболовстважаберныхспинной плавник












Сельдевые акулы (семейство)




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Эта статья — о семействе Lamnidae. О роде Lamna см. Сельдевые акулы (род).

Сельдевые акулы





White shark.jpg
Белая акула

Close up of mako shark head 005.jpg
Акула-мако

Lamna ditropis.jpg
Лососевая акула

Lamna nasus noaa.jpg
Ламна
Научная классификация


Международное научное название

Lamnidae Müller et Henle, 1838


Роды



  • Carcharodon (Белые акулы)


  • Isurus (Акулы-мако)


  • Lamna (Сельдевые акулы)






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Систематика
на Викивидах

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Изображения
на Викискладе









ITIS  		159901

NCBI  		7844

EOL  		1879

FW  		80587

Сельдевые акулы[1][2], или ламновые акулы[1][3] (лат. Lamnidae) — семейство хрящевых рыб отряда ламнообразных акул, распространённых по всему Мировому океану. Включает пять современных видов в трёх родах и много вымерших видов. Длина тела сельдевых акул колеблется от 1,5—3,5 м у атлантической сельдевой акулы Lamna nasus до 6 м у белой акулы. Вымерший в плейстоцене мегалодон, ранее ошибочно относимый к сельдевым акулам, достигал в длину 15 или 16 м[4]. В пасти такой акулы могли бы разместиться несколько человек. Все ламновые акулы ведут пелагический образ жизни. Их отличительными признаками служат серповидный хвостовой плавник, наличие хорошо выраженного киля на хвостовом стебле и крупные зубы, имеющие шилообразную или пластиновидную треугольную форму. Торпедообразное тело этих акул свидетельствует о том, что они являются хорошими пловцами[5].


Название семейства образовано от названия рода Lamna (греч. λαμνα — «сельдевая акула»[6]).


Сельдевые акулы распространены в теплых и умеренно теплых водах Мирового океана. Эти акулы питаются рыбой, тюленями, морскими котиками, каланами, а также падалью. Кархародон и акулы-мако представляют угрозу для человека и нападают на пловцов. Сельдевые акулы размножаются яйцеживорождением. Атлантическая и лососёвая акулы (Lamna ditropis) являются объектами промысла из-за вкусного мяса. Акула-мако — один из объектов спортивного рыболовства.


Акулы этого семейства имеют остроконечную морду, веретеновидное тело и пять пар жаберных щелей. Первый спинной плавник крупный, высокий, заострённый или немного закруглённый. Второй спинной и анальный плавники развиты незначительно. Представители ламновых имеют плотное телосложение и иногда вдвое превосходят по весу акул сравнимой длины из других семейств.


Сельдевые акулы — одни из наиболее быстрых акул.



Роды и виды |


Семейство включает пять ныне живущих видов в трёх родах[3]:



  • Carcharodon Smith, 1838 — Белые акулы, или акулы-людоеды

    • Carcharodon carcharias Linnaeus, 1758 — белая акула, или кархародон, или акула-людоед


  • Isurus Rafinesque, 1810 — Акулы-мако, или серо-голубые акулы

    • Isurus oxyrinchus Rafinesque, 1810 — акула-мако, или чернорылая акула, или макрелевая акула, или серо-голубая сельдевая акула


    • Isurus paucus Guitart Manday, 1966 — длинноплавниковый мако

    • † Isurus retroflexus

    • † Isurus desori

    • † Isurus escheri

    • † Isurus planus

    • † Isurus hastalis



  • Lamna Cuvier, 1816 — Сельдевые акулы

    • Lamna ditropis Hubbs et Follett, 1947 — тихоокеанская сельдевая акула, или северотихоокеанская акула, или лососёвая акула


    • Lamna nasus Bonnaterre, 1788 — атлантическая сельдевая акула, или ламна



Примечания |




  1. ↑ 12 Жизнь животных. Том 4. Ланцетники. Круглоротые. Хрящевые рыбы. Костные рыбы / под ред. Т. С. Расса, гл. ред. В. Е. Соколов. — 2-е изд. — М.: Просвещение, 1983. — С. 32. — 575 с.


  2. ↑ Моисеев Р. С., Токранов А. М. и др. Каталог позвоночных Камчатки и сопредельных морских акваторий. — Петропавловск-Камчатский: Камчатский печатный двор, 2000. — С. 15. — ISBN 5-85857-003-8.


  3. ↑ 12 Русские названия по источнику: Решетников Ю. С., Котляр А. Н., Расс Т. С., Шатуновский М. И. Пятиязычный словарь названий животных. Рыбы. Латинский, русский, английский, немецкий, французский. / под общей редакцией акад. В. Е. Соколова. — М.: Рус. яз., 1989. — С. 23. — 12 500 экз. — ISBN 5-200-00237-0.


  4. ↑ Wroe, S.; Huber, D. R.; Lowry, M.; McHenry, C.; Moreno, K.; Clausen, P.; Ferrara, T. L.; Cunningham, E.; Dean, M. N.; Summers, A. P. (2008). “Three-dimensional computer analysis of white shark jaw mechanics: how hard can a great white bite?”. Journal of Zoology. 276 (4): 336—342. DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2008.00494.x. Проверьте параметр |doi= (справка на английском)..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em


  5. ↑ Гл.ред. В.Е.Соколов. Жизнь животных: в 6-ти томах / Под редакцией Т. С. Расса. — 2-е. — М.: Просвещение, 1983. — Т. 4. Рыбы. — С. 32—33. — 575 с. — 300 000 экз.


  6. ↑ Большой древнегреческий словарь (неопр.). Дата обращения 14 января 2013. Архивировано 21 января 2013 года.










Источник — https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Сельдевые_акулы_(семейство)&oldid=88516677










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Isurus Índice Especies | Notas | Véxase tamén | Menú de navegación"A compendium of fossil marine animal genera (Chondrichthyes entry)"o orixinal"A review of the Tertiary fossil Cetacea (Mammalia) localities in wales port taf Museum Victoria"o orixinalThe Vertebrate Fauna of the Selma Formation of Alabama. Part VII. Part VIII. The Mosasaurs The Fishes50419737IDsh85068767Isurus2548834613242066569678159923NHMSYS00210535017845105743

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Elasmobranquios xénerocondrictioselasmobranquioslamniformesfamilialámnidosmarraxo azulmarraxo azul pequenofósiles Isurus Na Galipedia, a Wikipedia en galego. Saltar ata a navegación Saltar á procura Isurus Rango fósil: tanetiano (paleoceno inferior, hai 56 Ma) - actualidade [ 1 ] Marraxo azul ( I. oxyrinchus ) Marraxo azul pequeno ( I. paucus ) Clasificación científica Reino: Animalia Filo: Chordata Clase: Chondrichthyes Subclase: Elasmobranchii Orde: Lamniformes Familia: Lamnidae Xénero: Isurus Rafinesque, 1810 Especie tipo Isurus oxyrhinchus Rafinesque, 1810 Sinonimia Isuropsis Gill, 1862 Lamiostoma Glikman, 1964 Oxyrhina Agassiz, 1838 Oxyrrhina Bonaparte, 1846 Plectrostoma Gistel, 1848 Isurus é un xénero de condrictios elasmobranquios lamniformes ( Lamniformes ) da familia dos lámnidos ( Lamnidae ), coñecidos como marraxos azuis . Comprende dúas especies, o marraxo azu...
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