CREATE opcode: what does it really do?What does bytecode of blank contract do?When does a SUICIDE opcode becomes effective?Possible to create new contract via a proposal in the ethereum.org/dao framework?What are the two arguments to a RETURN opcode?Can the CALL opcode be used to create a contract?Transaction Error. Exception thrown in contract code. REVERT opcode when sending ETH to crowdsaleWhat happens in CALL when gas is set to 0?Ethereum opcode: meaning of first few instructions?callvalue opcode, for what?EVM SIGNEXTEND Opcode explanation

How easy is it to start Magic from scratch?

Is HostGator storing my password in plaintext?

Two monoidal structures and copowering

Sort a list by elements of another list

Increase performance creating Mandelbrot set in python

Is a stroke of luck acceptable after a series of unfavorable events?

System.debug(JSON.Serialize(o)) Not longer shows full string

Different result between scanning in Epson's "color negative film" mode and scanning in positive -> invert curve in post?

How can a function with a hole (removable discontinuity) equal a function with no hole?

Escape a backup date in a file name

Hostile work environment after whistle-blowing on coworker and our boss. What do I do?

Is this apparent Class Action settlement a spam message?

Integer addition + constant, is it a group?

Crossing the line between justified force and brutality

when is out of tune ok?

How does the UK government determine the size of a mandate?

Pre-amplifier input protection

Go Pregnant or Go Home

Unreliable Magic - Is it worth it?

How do I rename a Linux host without needing to reboot for the rename to take effect?

Why escape if the_content isnt?

Anatomically Correct Strange Women In Ponds Distributing Swords

You cannot touch me, but I can touch you, who am I?

Is it appropriate to ask a job candidate if we can record their interview?



CREATE opcode: what does it really do?


What does bytecode of blank contract do?When does a SUICIDE opcode becomes effective?Possible to create new contract via a proposal in the ethereum.org/dao framework?What are the two arguments to a RETURN opcode?Can the CALL opcode be used to create a contract?Transaction Error. Exception thrown in contract code. REVERT opcode when sending ETH to crowdsaleWhat happens in CALL when gas is set to 0?Ethereum opcode: meaning of first few instructions?callvalue opcode, for what?EVM SIGNEXTEND Opcode explanation













2















I am looking at the docs, but cannot really understand what CREATE opcode does. I can tell that CREATE does create a new smart contract from a memory chunk, pass the gas value to this new contract, then returns. But before returning, does it execute the new contract?



This confuses me because looking at the disassembly code of the smart contract bytecode, after CREATE, I cannot see any call to CALL after that, but then I still see a call to RETURNDATASIZE, which I suppose only happen after CALL. Without CALL, where it get returned data from?



Any enlighten, please?










share|improve this question


























    2















    I am looking at the docs, but cannot really understand what CREATE opcode does. I can tell that CREATE does create a new smart contract from a memory chunk, pass the gas value to this new contract, then returns. But before returning, does it execute the new contract?



    This confuses me because looking at the disassembly code of the smart contract bytecode, after CREATE, I cannot see any call to CALL after that, but then I still see a call to RETURNDATASIZE, which I suppose only happen after CALL. Without CALL, where it get returned data from?



    Any enlighten, please?










    share|improve this question
























      2












      2








      2








      I am looking at the docs, but cannot really understand what CREATE opcode does. I can tell that CREATE does create a new smart contract from a memory chunk, pass the gas value to this new contract, then returns. But before returning, does it execute the new contract?



      This confuses me because looking at the disassembly code of the smart contract bytecode, after CREATE, I cannot see any call to CALL after that, but then I still see a call to RETURNDATASIZE, which I suppose only happen after CALL. Without CALL, where it get returned data from?



      Any enlighten, please?










      share|improve this question














      I am looking at the docs, but cannot really understand what CREATE opcode does. I can tell that CREATE does create a new smart contract from a memory chunk, pass the gas value to this new contract, then returns. But before returning, does it execute the new contract?



      This confuses me because looking at the disassembly code of the smart contract bytecode, after CREATE, I cannot see any call to CALL after that, but then I still see a call to RETURNDATASIZE, which I suppose only happen after CALL. Without CALL, where it get returned data from?



      Any enlighten, please?







      opcode create






      share|improve this question













      share|improve this question











      share|improve this question




      share|improve this question










      asked 8 hours ago









      user311703user311703

      1826




      1826




















          1 Answer
          1






          active

          oldest

          votes


















          5














          CREATE, in a way, does a built in CALL. What actually happens is that the data passed to call isn't the contract bytecode, it's the init bytecode.



          When CREATE opcode is executed, the EVM creates a call frame in the context of the new contract (e.g. address(this) is the new contracts address). This executes the data passed to CREATE as the code, which in higher level languages is basically the constructor. At the end of this init stuff, it returns the actual code of the contract that is stored in the state trie.



          The easiest way to think about it, which is also fairly accurate, is that the Solidity compiler takes all the executional code of the contract, compiles it to bytecode, and adds it as a return statement at the end of the constructor.






          share|improve this answer

























          • ah, so CREATE when creating a contract actually returns the contract bytecode, right? then after that, CALL will actually executes the contract?

            – user311703
            7 hours ago











          • Please could you tell me what is the best way to track/trace what is really happening at bytecode level? Does Remix a good tool to do this?

            – user311703
            7 hours ago






          • 1





            CREATE executes the code passed to it, and that code returns the contact bytecode, yes. Just wanted to be clear on that

            – flygoing
            7 hours ago






          • 1





            If you need to a call a function after it's created, then yeah, there would be a CALL right after. Remix is a pretty good way to track/trace on the bytecode level, it has pretty good EVM debugging tools for stepping in/out of bytecode

            – flygoing
            7 hours ago










          Your Answer








          StackExchange.ready(function()
          var channelOptions =
          tags: "".split(" "),
          id: "642"
          ;
          initTagRenderer("".split(" "), "".split(" "), channelOptions);

          StackExchange.using("externalEditor", function()
          // Have to fire editor after snippets, if snippets enabled
          if (StackExchange.settings.snippets.snippetsEnabled)
          StackExchange.using("snippets", function()
          createEditor();
          );

          else
          createEditor();

          );

          function createEditor()
          StackExchange.prepareEditor(
          heartbeatType: 'answer',
          autoActivateHeartbeat: false,
          convertImagesToLinks: false,
          noModals: true,
          showLowRepImageUploadWarning: true,
          reputationToPostImages: null,
          bindNavPrevention: true,
          postfix: "",
          imageUploader:
          brandingHtml: "Powered by u003ca class="icon-imgur-white" href="https://imgur.com/"u003eu003c/au003e",
          contentPolicyHtml: "User contributions licensed under u003ca href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/"u003ecc by-sa 3.0 with attribution requiredu003c/au003e u003ca href="https://stackoverflow.com/legal/content-policy"u003e(content policy)u003c/au003e",
          allowUrls: true
          ,
          onDemand: true,
          discardSelector: ".discard-answer"
          ,immediatelyShowMarkdownHelp:true
          );



          );













          draft saved

          draft discarded


















          StackExchange.ready(
          function ()
          StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fethereum.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f68943%2fcreate-opcode-what-does-it-really-do%23new-answer', 'question_page');

          );

          Post as a guest















          Required, but never shown

























          1 Answer
          1






          active

          oldest

          votes








          1 Answer
          1






          active

          oldest

          votes









          active

          oldest

          votes






          active

          oldest

          votes









          5














          CREATE, in a way, does a built in CALL. What actually happens is that the data passed to call isn't the contract bytecode, it's the init bytecode.



          When CREATE opcode is executed, the EVM creates a call frame in the context of the new contract (e.g. address(this) is the new contracts address). This executes the data passed to CREATE as the code, which in higher level languages is basically the constructor. At the end of this init stuff, it returns the actual code of the contract that is stored in the state trie.



          The easiest way to think about it, which is also fairly accurate, is that the Solidity compiler takes all the executional code of the contract, compiles it to bytecode, and adds it as a return statement at the end of the constructor.






          share|improve this answer

























          • ah, so CREATE when creating a contract actually returns the contract bytecode, right? then after that, CALL will actually executes the contract?

            – user311703
            7 hours ago











          • Please could you tell me what is the best way to track/trace what is really happening at bytecode level? Does Remix a good tool to do this?

            – user311703
            7 hours ago






          • 1





            CREATE executes the code passed to it, and that code returns the contact bytecode, yes. Just wanted to be clear on that

            – flygoing
            7 hours ago






          • 1





            If you need to a call a function after it's created, then yeah, there would be a CALL right after. Remix is a pretty good way to track/trace on the bytecode level, it has pretty good EVM debugging tools for stepping in/out of bytecode

            – flygoing
            7 hours ago















          5














          CREATE, in a way, does a built in CALL. What actually happens is that the data passed to call isn't the contract bytecode, it's the init bytecode.



          When CREATE opcode is executed, the EVM creates a call frame in the context of the new contract (e.g. address(this) is the new contracts address). This executes the data passed to CREATE as the code, which in higher level languages is basically the constructor. At the end of this init stuff, it returns the actual code of the contract that is stored in the state trie.



          The easiest way to think about it, which is also fairly accurate, is that the Solidity compiler takes all the executional code of the contract, compiles it to bytecode, and adds it as a return statement at the end of the constructor.






          share|improve this answer

























          • ah, so CREATE when creating a contract actually returns the contract bytecode, right? then after that, CALL will actually executes the contract?

            – user311703
            7 hours ago











          • Please could you tell me what is the best way to track/trace what is really happening at bytecode level? Does Remix a good tool to do this?

            – user311703
            7 hours ago






          • 1





            CREATE executes the code passed to it, and that code returns the contact bytecode, yes. Just wanted to be clear on that

            – flygoing
            7 hours ago






          • 1





            If you need to a call a function after it's created, then yeah, there would be a CALL right after. Remix is a pretty good way to track/trace on the bytecode level, it has pretty good EVM debugging tools for stepping in/out of bytecode

            – flygoing
            7 hours ago













          5












          5








          5







          CREATE, in a way, does a built in CALL. What actually happens is that the data passed to call isn't the contract bytecode, it's the init bytecode.



          When CREATE opcode is executed, the EVM creates a call frame in the context of the new contract (e.g. address(this) is the new contracts address). This executes the data passed to CREATE as the code, which in higher level languages is basically the constructor. At the end of this init stuff, it returns the actual code of the contract that is stored in the state trie.



          The easiest way to think about it, which is also fairly accurate, is that the Solidity compiler takes all the executional code of the contract, compiles it to bytecode, and adds it as a return statement at the end of the constructor.






          share|improve this answer















          CREATE, in a way, does a built in CALL. What actually happens is that the data passed to call isn't the contract bytecode, it's the init bytecode.



          When CREATE opcode is executed, the EVM creates a call frame in the context of the new contract (e.g. address(this) is the new contracts address). This executes the data passed to CREATE as the code, which in higher level languages is basically the constructor. At the end of this init stuff, it returns the actual code of the contract that is stored in the state trie.



          The easiest way to think about it, which is also fairly accurate, is that the Solidity compiler takes all the executional code of the contract, compiles it to bytecode, and adds it as a return statement at the end of the constructor.







          share|improve this answer














          share|improve this answer



          share|improve this answer








          edited 7 hours ago

























          answered 8 hours ago









          flygoingflygoing

          7,595931




          7,595931












          • ah, so CREATE when creating a contract actually returns the contract bytecode, right? then after that, CALL will actually executes the contract?

            – user311703
            7 hours ago











          • Please could you tell me what is the best way to track/trace what is really happening at bytecode level? Does Remix a good tool to do this?

            – user311703
            7 hours ago






          • 1





            CREATE executes the code passed to it, and that code returns the contact bytecode, yes. Just wanted to be clear on that

            – flygoing
            7 hours ago






          • 1





            If you need to a call a function after it's created, then yeah, there would be a CALL right after. Remix is a pretty good way to track/trace on the bytecode level, it has pretty good EVM debugging tools for stepping in/out of bytecode

            – flygoing
            7 hours ago

















          • ah, so CREATE when creating a contract actually returns the contract bytecode, right? then after that, CALL will actually executes the contract?

            – user311703
            7 hours ago











          • Please could you tell me what is the best way to track/trace what is really happening at bytecode level? Does Remix a good tool to do this?

            – user311703
            7 hours ago






          • 1





            CREATE executes the code passed to it, and that code returns the contact bytecode, yes. Just wanted to be clear on that

            – flygoing
            7 hours ago






          • 1





            If you need to a call a function after it's created, then yeah, there would be a CALL right after. Remix is a pretty good way to track/trace on the bytecode level, it has pretty good EVM debugging tools for stepping in/out of bytecode

            – flygoing
            7 hours ago
















          ah, so CREATE when creating a contract actually returns the contract bytecode, right? then after that, CALL will actually executes the contract?

          – user311703
          7 hours ago





          ah, so CREATE when creating a contract actually returns the contract bytecode, right? then after that, CALL will actually executes the contract?

          – user311703
          7 hours ago













          Please could you tell me what is the best way to track/trace what is really happening at bytecode level? Does Remix a good tool to do this?

          – user311703
          7 hours ago





          Please could you tell me what is the best way to track/trace what is really happening at bytecode level? Does Remix a good tool to do this?

          – user311703
          7 hours ago




          1




          1





          CREATE executes the code passed to it, and that code returns the contact bytecode, yes. Just wanted to be clear on that

          – flygoing
          7 hours ago





          CREATE executes the code passed to it, and that code returns the contact bytecode, yes. Just wanted to be clear on that

          – flygoing
          7 hours ago




          1




          1





          If you need to a call a function after it's created, then yeah, there would be a CALL right after. Remix is a pretty good way to track/trace on the bytecode level, it has pretty good EVM debugging tools for stepping in/out of bytecode

          – flygoing
          7 hours ago





          If you need to a call a function after it's created, then yeah, there would be a CALL right after. Remix is a pretty good way to track/trace on the bytecode level, it has pretty good EVM debugging tools for stepping in/out of bytecode

          – flygoing
          7 hours ago

















          draft saved

          draft discarded
















































          Thanks for contributing an answer to Ethereum Stack Exchange!


          • Please be sure to answer the question. Provide details and share your research!

          But avoid …


          • Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers.

          • Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience.

          To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers.




          draft saved


          draft discarded














          StackExchange.ready(
          function ()
          StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fethereum.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f68943%2fcreate-opcode-what-does-it-really-do%23new-answer', 'question_page');

          );

          Post as a guest















          Required, but never shown





















































          Required, but never shown














          Required, but never shown












          Required, but never shown







          Required, but never shown

































          Required, but never shown














          Required, but never shown












          Required, but never shown







          Required, but never shown







          Popular posts from this blog

          What does “fit” mean in this sentence? Announcing the arrival of Valued Associate #679: Cesar Manara Planned maintenance scheduled April 17/18, 2019 at 00:00UTC (8:00pm US/Eastern)How does 'jealousy' mean 'suspicion'?What does “not so say” mean?Does “somebody of my caliber” mean the speaker themselves?“accounting for high fasting blood glucose”- help about the meaningWhat does “cloaked by NDA” mean in this context?What does it mean by 'community ownership' in this context?What does “human corroborators” mean in this context?What does “everything but a fire” mean in this context?What does “run” mean here?What does “rabbited” mean/imply in this sentence?

          History of India Contents Prehistoric era (until c. 3300 BCE) Bronze Age – "First urbanisation" (c. 3300 – c. 1800 BCE) Climate change, de-urbanisation, and Indo-Aryan migrations (c.1800 – 1500 BCE) Iron Age - Vedic period (c. 1500 – c. 600 BCE) "Second urbanisation" (c. 600 – c. 200 BCE) Classical to early medieval periods (c. 200 BCE – c. 1200 CE) Late medieval period (c. 1200 – 1526 CE) Early modern period (c. 1526–1858 CE) Modern period and independence (after c. 1850 CE) Historiography See also References Further reading External links Navigation menureviewedee[update]The crisisThe Evolution and History of Human Populations in South Asia: Inter-disciplinary Studies in Archaeology, Biological Anthropology, Linguistics and GeneticsThe Ancient Indus: Urbanism, Economy, and Society"Indus River Valley Civilizations"The Ancient Indus: Urbanism, Economy, and Society"India before the British: The Mughal Empire and its Rivals, 1526–1857"Why Europe Grew Rich and Asia Did Not: Global Economic Divergence, 1600–1850Development Centre Studies The World Economy Historical Statistics: Historical StatisticsDeveloping cultures: case studiesEthnic Groups of South Asia and the Pacific: An Encyclopedia: An Encyclopedia"Indian Economy During British Rule""Economic Impact of the British Rule in India | Indian History"The Bone Readers: Science and Politics in Human Origins Research"Out of Africa: new hypotheses and evidence for the dispersal of Homo sapiens along the Indian Ocean rim"10.3109/0301446100363924920334598"Genetic and archaeological perspectives on the initial modern human colonization of southern Asia"2013PNAS..11010699M10.1073/pnas.1306043110369678523754394"Edakkal Caves|Places Around in Wayanad"Protecting megaliths to keep history alive The Hindu daily"Archaeologists rock solid behind Edakkal Cave"The Global Prehistory of Human Migration"Indus Valley 2,000 years older than thought"the original"Stepwells -Cosmology of Subterranean Architecture as seen in Adalaj"A History of Ancient and Early medieval India : from the Stone Age to the 12th century"Stone celts in Harappa"the original"Peoples and languages in pre-islamic Indus valley"the original"The Sindhi language"the originalThe Aryan chromosome"Fluvial landscapes of the Harappan Civilization"2012PNAS..109E1688G10.1073/pnas.1112743109338705422645375"Is River Ghaggar, Saraswati? Geochemical Constraints""An Ancient Civilization, Upended by Climate Change""Huge Ancient Civilization's Collapse Explained"2003GeoRL..30.1425S10.1029/2002GL0168222006QSRv...25.1283M10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.10.0122011QuInt.229..140M10.1016/j.quaint.2009.11.012Climate Change and the Course of Global History: A Rough JourneyA History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th CenturyA History of Ancient and Mediaeval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th CenturyAntennae SwordA History of IndiaA History of IndiaAn Introduction to Hinduism"India: The Late 2nd Millennium and the Reemergence of Urbanism"The Coinage of Ancient IndiaA Sanskrit reader: with vocabulary and notesPedigree: the origins of words from nature"Early Sanskritization. Origins and Development of the Kuru State"10.11588/ejvs.1995.4.823The Sanskrit epics, Part 2The City in South AsiaThe UpanishadsAn Introduction to HinduismReligions of the World, Second Edition: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and PracticesA History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th CenturyEarly India: From the Origins to AD 1300Republics in ancient Indiapp. 83ff"Magadha Empire""Lumbini Development Trust: Restoring the Lumbini Garden"the originalThe great armies of antiquityarchived"The Achaemenid Persian Empire (550–330 B.C.)""East–West Orientation of Historical Empires"1076-156X"Dinner on the Grand Trunk Road"10.2307/32502263250226"Silappathikaram Tamil Literature"the originalManimekalai – English transliteration of Tamil originalIndian Temple Architecture: Form and Transformation : the Karṇāṭa Drāviḍa Tradition, 7th to 13th CenturiesBuddhist ArchitectureA History of India"The World Economy (GDP) : Historical Statistics by Professor Angus Maddison"The World Economy – Volume 1: A Millennial Perspective and Volume 2: Historical Statistics10.2307/32502140004-36483250214A Comprehensive History of India: Volume 2Between the Empires: Society in India, 300 to 400Emergence of Viṣṇu and Śiva Images in India: Numismatic and Sculptural Evidence"Parthian Pair of Earrings"the originalThe Medical Times and Gazette, Volume 1Greatest emporium in the worldThe Cambridge History of Ancient China: From the Origins of Civilization to 221 BCBuddhist Records of the Western WorldArchaeology in Soviet Central AsiaThe Grandeur of Gandhara: The Ancient Buddhist Civilization of the Swat, Peshawar, Kabul and Indus ValleysIndian Sculpture: Circa 500 B.C.-A.D. 700"The History of Pakistan: The Kushans"Gupta Dynasty – MSN Encartathe original"India – Historical Setting – The Classical Age – Gupta and Harsha""Gupta Dynasty, Golden Age Of India"the original"The Age of the Guptas and After"the originalNumber Theory and Its History"Gupta dynasty (Indian dynasty)""Gupta dynasty: empire in 4th century"the original"The Story of India – Photo Gallery"The ASI say499315420"Pallava script"p. 145"CNG: eAuction 329. INDIA, Post-Gupta (Ganges Valley). Vardhanas of Thanesar and Kanauj. Harshavardhana. Circa AD 606–647. AR Drachm (13mm, 2.28 g, 1h)""Harsha""Sthanvishvara (historical region, India)""Harsha (Indian emperor)"Shyama Kumar Chattopadhyaya (2000) The Philosophy of Sankar's Advaita VedantaShankara's IntroductionShankara's Introduction19373677Shankara's IntroductionIs The Buddhist 'No-Self' Doctrine Compatible With Pursuing Nirvana?The Seven Spiritual Laws Of YogaIndia: The Ancient Past. A History of the Indian-Subcontinent from 7000 BC to AD 1200The Kashmir Series: Glimpses of Kashmiri Culture – Vivekananda Kendra, Kanyakumari (p. 57).Al-Hind: Early Medieval India and the Expansion of Islam, 7th–11th CenturiesHistory of GopāchalaLand of Two Rivers: A History of Bengal from the Mahabharata to MujibEuropean Trade and Colonial ConquestA History of IndiaA Comprehensive History Of Ancient India (3 Vol. Set)"The Last Years of Cholas: The decline and fall of a dynasty"the originalFascinating Hindutva: Saffron Politics and Dalit MobilisationGazetteer of the province of OudhAl- Hind: The slave kings and the Islamic conquest. 2"Shahi Family"The Cambridge history of Islam"Ameer Nasir-ood-deen Subooktugeen"Gazetteer of the Attock District, 1930, Part 1Land of seven rivers: History of India's GeographyTemple Desecration and Indo-Muslim StatesIslam in South Asia: A Short HistoryBeyond Orientalism: The Work of Wilhelm Halbfass and Its Impact on Indian and Cross-cultural StudiesThe Making of Terrorism in Pakistan: Historical and Social Roots of ExtremismOrnament in Indian ArchitectureA historical review of Hindu India: 300 B.C. to 1200 A.D."Indian States and Union Territories"Islam in South Asia: A Short HistoryA Brief History of the Indian PeoplesThe Modern ReviewDelhi Sultanate"Battuta's Travels: Delhi, capital of Muslim India"the original"Timur – conquest of India"the originalIndia HandbookBhaktiThe Four Denomination of Hinduism10.1007/s11407-008-9049-925691067"Vijayanagara Research Project::Elephant Stables"10.2307/26465262646526Historical Dictionary of the TamilsBihar General Knowledge DigestMapping Bihar: From Medieval to Modern TimesPopular Literature and Pre-modern Societies in South AsiaA manual of the Kistna district in the presidency of MadrasAncient Indian History and CivilizationFragmented Memories: Struggling to be Tai-Ahom in India"The Islamic World to 1600: Rise of the Great Islamic Empires (The Mughal Empire)"the originalDynasties: A Global History of Power, 1300–1800, p. 105"Whose fort is it anyway"10.1111/0020-8833.000532600793Development Centre Studies The World Economy Historical Statistics: Historical Statistics"India's Deindustrialization in the 18th and 19th Centuries"The Mughal Empire, p. 190"The Long Globalization and Textile Producers in India"The Mughal World: Life in India's Last Golden AgeAurangzeb: The Life and Legacy of India's Most Controversial KingIn the Shadow of the Taj: A Portrait of Agra"Iran in the Age of the Raj"p. 8610.2307/20539802053980Delhi, the Capital of IndiaAn Advanced History of Modern India"Journal of the Tanjore Maharaja Serfoji's Sarasvati Mahal Library"The Rediscovery of India: A New SubcontinentIslamic Renaissance In South Asia (1707–1867) : The Role Of Shah Waliallah & His SuccessorsAn Advanced History of Modern IndiaThe Great Maratha Mahadaji Scindia"Full text of "Selections from the papers of Lord Metcalfe; late governor-general of India, governor of Jamaica, and governor-general of Canada""The Discovery Of IndiaThe Sacred City of the Hindus: An Account of Benares in Ancient and Modern TimesResurrecting Banaras: Urban Space, Architecture and Religious BoundariesFaith & Philosophy of Sikhism"Missiles mainstay of Pak's N-arsenal"History Modern India By S.N. Sen"Sirajuddaula"ArchivedLongman History & Civics (Dual Government in Bengal)Madhya Pradesh National Means-Cum-Merit Scholarship Exam (Warren Hasting's system of Dual Government)A Military History of Britain: from 1775 to the PresentIndian Cultural Heritage Perspective For TourismHindu Rulers, Muslim Subjects: Islam, Rights, and the History of KashmirIndian HistoryAn Atlas and Survey of South Asian HistoryAn Historical Account of the British Trade Over the Caspian SeaIndian Merchants and Eurasian Trade, 1600–1750The Indian diaspora in Central Asia and its trade, 1550–1900From Constantinople to the home of Omar Khayyam: travels in Transcaucasia and northern Persia for historic and literary researchA journey from Bengal to England: through the northern part of India, Kashmire, Afghanistan, and Persia, and into Russia, by the Caspian-SeaA Second Journey through Persia, Armenia, and Asia Minor, to Constantinople, between the Years 1810 and 1816Reports from the consuls of the United States, 1887Portugal and its Empire, 1250–1800 (Collected Essays in Memory of Glenn J. Ames).: Portuguese Studies Review, Vol. 17, No. 1The Dutch Power in Kerala, 1729–1758http://mod.nic.inArchivedDossier Goa – A Recusa do Sacrifício InútilAn Imperial Crisis in British India: The Manipur Uprising of 1891The Truth of Babri Mosque"Kolkata (Calcutta) : History"the original"Robert Clive, Baron Clive, 'Clive of India', 1725–1774""The Transformation from a Pre-Colonial to a Colonial Order: The Case of India"10.2307/25955872595587A versatile geniusArchived10.1109/MWSYM.1997.602854"Rabindranath Tagore on Education"the original"Essay on 'Derozio and the Young Bengal Movement'"Poverty and Famines: An Essay on Entitlement and Deprivation"Plague"the originalPopulation Growth and Land Use"Reintegrating India with the World Economy""Census Of India 1931"A history of modern India, 1480–1950"'India's well-timed diversification of army helped democracy' | Business Standard News"Bal Gangadhar Tilak: Struggle for Swaraj"Participants from the Indian subcontinent in the First World War""Commonwealth War Graves Commission Annual Report 2007–2008 Online"the original1462689197110.1017/s0010417500016534178920Eurocentrism: a marxian critical realist critique"Ranjit Guha, "On Some Aspects of Historiography of Colonial India""10.2307/2168385216838510.7202/016593ar"Harvard scholar says the idea of India dates to a much earlier time than the British or the Mughals""In The Footsteps of Pilgrims""India's spiritual landscape: The heavens and the earth""India: A Sacred Geography by Diana L Eck – review"Modern India: The Origins of an Asian Democracy10.2307/21694222169422964322464"The Indian Subcontinent and 'Out of Africa 1'"254043308Encyclopedia of World ReligionsThe Evolution and History of Human Populations in South Asia: Inter-disciplinary Studies in Archaeology, Biological Anthropology, Linguistics and Genetics"The Early Paleolithic of the Indian Subcontinent: Hominin Colonization, Dispersals and Occupation History"Ancient Indian History and CivilizationAncient Indian Social History: Some Interpretationsthe originalIndia Before EuropeA Concise History of Modern India"The beginning of the historical period, c. 500–150 BCE"full textA History of Indiathe originalexcerpt and text searchexcerptexcerptAn Economic History of India: From Pre-Colonial Times to 1991excerpt and text searchexcerpt and text searchIndia as known to the ancient world10.1111/j.1468-0289.1985.tb00391.x2597191onlineThe History of India, as told by its own historians. The Muhammadan Periodonline editionHans William Brown research collection on 19th-century missionary work in India, 1882–1932, Ms. Coll. 1033, Kislak Center for Special Collections, Rare Books and Manuscripts, University of Pennsylvaniaee

          Isurus Índice Especies | Notas | Véxase tamén | Menú de navegación"A compendium of fossil marine animal genera (Chondrichthyes entry)"o orixinal"A review of the Tertiary fossil Cetacea (Mammalia) localities in wales port taf Museum Victoria"o orixinalThe Vertebrate Fauna of the Selma Formation of Alabama. Part VII. Part VIII. The Mosasaurs The Fishes50419737IDsh85068767Isurus2548834613242066569678159923NHMSYS00210535017845105743