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Lista de municipios de Finlandia nos que o finlandés non é a única lingua oficial Índice Municipios | Notas | Véxase tamén | Menú de navegación"Ruotsin- ja kaksikieliset kunnat" ("Swedish and Bilingual Municipalities")"""Väestö kielen mukaan sekä ulkomaan kansalaisten määrä ja maa-pinta-ala alueittain 1980 – 2013" ("Population according to language and the number of foreigners and land area by region 1980 – 2013"""Statsrådets förordning om kommunernas språkliga status åren 2013–2022"

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     Municipios oficialmente unilingües en finlandés.      Municipios bilingües co finlandés como lingua maioritaria.      Municipios bilinguës co sueco como lingua maioritaria.      Municipios unilingües en sueco (incluído Åland)      Municipios bilingües en linguas saamis.


Hai 53 municipios en Finlandia nos que o finlandés non é a única lingua oficial.[1][2] En Finlandia, en decembro de 2013, o 89,3% da poboación falaba finlandés, o 5,3% sueco, e o 0,04% linguas saamis.[3] Tanto o finlandés como o sueco son linguas oficiais de Finlandia.[4] Oficialmente, un municipio é bilingüe se a poboación que fala a lingua minoritaria é canto menos o 8% da poboación total, ou ten canto menos 3 000 falantes.[1] Un municipio previamente bilingüe mantense co status se a proporción da lingua minoritaria descende por baixo do 8%, ata o 6%. Se cae por debaixo do 6%, é posible que o municipio se manteña bilingüe por decreto gobernamental, por recomendación do consello municipal, durante dez anos máis.[5] Entre os municipios que fan uso da regra dos 3 000 falantes inclúense a capital Helsinqui e no centro cultural da comunidade sueca finlandesa, Turku. No arquipélago das Åland, onde o finlandés está case ausente da vida diaria, a lei lingüística non se aplica. No continente, a maior proporción de falantes de lingua sueca encóntrase na costa occidental, en Ostrobotnia.[6]


Dos 317 municipios de Finlandia, 16 son unilingües en lingua sueca. 33 municipios son bilingüe en finlandés e sueco; e deles, 15 teñen como lingua maioritaria o sueco e en 18 é o finlandés a lingua maioritaria.[1][7] Catro municipios, todos localizados en Laponia, teñen como lingua maioritaria o finlandés e algunha lingua saami como lingua minoritaria: Enontekiö, Inari, Sodankylä e Utsjoki.[2] Inicialmente, só a lingua sueca recibiu o bilingüismo oficial, a través da acta lingüística de 1922;[5] disposicións similares estendéronse ás linguas saamis a través dunha lei de 1991.[2] A lei de 1922 foi remprazada por unha nova mais en boa parte similar en 2003.[5]




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Nome na lingua maioritaria
Nome na(s) lingua(s) minoritaria(s)
Lingua(s)
Porcentaxe da poboación
que fala unha lingua oficial
distinta do finlandés
31 de decembro de 2013[3]

Rexión

Brändö !Brändö
—Unilingüe en sueco
78.7
, ÅlandÅland

Eckerö !Eckerö
—Unilingüe en sueco
89.1
, ÅlandÅland

Enontekiö !Enontekiö

saami setentrional: Eanodat
sueco: Enontekis

Finlandés como lingua maioritaria, saami como lingua minoritaria
10.8
Laponia

Espoo !Espoo
Esbo
Finlandés como lingua maioritaria, sueco como lingua minoritaria
7.8
Uusimaa

Finström !Finström
—Unilingüe en sueco
91.7
, ÅlandÅland

Föglö !Föglö
—Unilingüe en sueco
85.7
, ÅlandÅland

Geta !Geta
—Unilingüe en sueco
87.2
, ÅlandÅland

Hammarland !Hammarland
—Unilingüe en sueco
92.5
, ÅlandÅland

Hanko !Hanko
Hangö
Finlandés como lingua maioritaria, sueco como lingua minoritaria
42.8
Uusimaa

Helsinki !Helsinki
Helsingfors
Finlandés como lingua maioritaria, sueco como lingua minoritaria
5.9
Uusimaa

Inari !Inari

saami de Inari: Aanaar
saami setentrional: Anár
saami de Skolt: Aanar
sueco: Enare

Finlandés como lingua maioritaria, saami como lingua minoritaria
6.4
Laponia

Ingå !Ingå
Inkoo
Sueco como lingua maioritaria, finlandés como lingua minoritaria
54.3
Uusimaa

Jakobstad !Jakobstad
Pietarsaari
Sueco como lingua maioritaria, finlandés como lingua minoritaria
55.8
Ostrobotnia

Jomala !Jomala
—Unilingüe en sueco
90.1
, ÅlandÅland

Kaskinen !Kaskinen
Kaskö
Finlandés como lingua maioritaria, sueco como lingua minoritaria
28.5
Ostrobotnia

Kauniainen !Kauniainen
Grankulla
Finlandés como lingua maioritaria, sueco como lingua minoritaria
35.9
Uusimaa

Kimitoön !Kimitoön
Kemiönsaari
Sueco como lingua maioritaria, finlandés como lingua minoritaria
70.3
Finlandia Propia

Kirkkonummi !Kirkkonummi
Kyrkslätt
Finlandés como lingua maioritaria, sueco como lingua minoritaria
17.6
Uusimaa

Kökar !Kökar
—Unilingüe en sueco
88.4
, ÅlandÅland

Kokkola !Kokkola
Karleby
Finlandés como lingua maioritaria, sueco como lingua minoritaria
13.1
Ostrobotnia Central

Korsholm !Korsholm
Mustasaari
Sueco como lingua maioritaria, finlandés como lingua minoritaria
69.0
Ostrobotnia

Korsnäs !Korsnäs
—
Sueco como lingua maioritaria, finlandés como lingua minoritaria
87.2
Ostrobotnia

Kristinestad !Kristinestad
Kristiinankaupunki
Sueco como lingua maioritaria, finlandés como lingua minoritaria
55.4
Ostrobotnia

Kronoby !Kronoby
Kruunupyy
Sueco como lingua maioritaria, finlandés como lingua minoritaria
80.7
Ostrobotnia

Kumlinge !Kumlinge
—Unilingüe en sueco
90.3
, ÅlandÅland

Lapinjärvi !Lapinjärvi
Lappträsk
Finlandés como lingua maioritaria, sueco como lingua minoritaria
32.8
Uusimaa

Larsmo !Larsmo
Luoto
Sueco como lingua maioritaria, finlandés como lingua minoritaria
92.5
Ostrobotnia

Lemland !Lemland
—Unilingüe en sueco
92.9
, ÅlandÅland

Lohja !Lohja
Lojo
Finlandés como lingua maioritaria, sueco como lingua minoritaria
3.5
Uusimaa

Loviisa !Loviisa
Lovisa
Finlandés como lingua maioritaria, sueco como lingua minoritaria
42.0
Uusimaa

Lumparland !Lumparland
—Unilingüe en sueco
91.0
, ÅlandÅland

Malax !Malax
Maalahti
Sueco como lingua maioritaria, finlandés como lingua minoritaria
86.1
Ostrobotnia

Mariehamn !Mariehamn
MaarianhaminaUnilingüe en sueco
85.7
, ÅlandÅland

Myrskylä !Myrskylä
Mörskom
Finlandés como lingua maioritaria, sueco como lingua minoritaria
9.8
Uusimaa

Närpes !Närpes
Närpiö
Sueco como lingua maioritaria, finlandés como lingua minoritaria
84.8
Ostrobotnia

Nykarleby !Nykarleby
Uusikaarlepyy
Sueco como lingua maioritaria, finlandés como lingua minoritaria
87.3
Ostrobotnia

Pargas !Pargas
Parainen
Sueco como lingua maioritaria, finlandés como lingua minoritaria
56.4
Finlandia Propia

Pedersöre !Pedersöre
Pedersören kunta
Sueco como lingua maioritaria, finlandés como lingua minoritaria
89.7
Ostrobotnia

Porvoo !Porvoo
Borgå
Finlandés como lingua maioritaria, sueco como lingua minoritaria
30.4
Uusimaa

Pyhtää !Pyhtää
Pyttis
Finlandés como lingua maioritaria, sueco como lingua minoritaria
8.1
Kymenlaakso

Raseborg !Raseborg
Raasepori
Sueco como lingua maioritaria, finlandés como lingua minoritaria
65.4
Uusimaa

Saltvik !Saltvik
—Unilingüe en sueco
92.8
, ÅlandÅland

Sipoo !Sipoo
Sibbo
Finlandés como lingua maioritaria, sueco como lingua minoritaria
35.6
Uusimaa

Siuntio !Siuntio
Sjundeå
Finlandés como lingua maioritaria, sueco como lingua minoritaria
29.6
Uusimaa

Sodankylä !Sodankylä

saami de Inari: Suáđigil
saami setentrional: Soađegilli
saami de Skolt: Suäˊđjel

Finlandés como lingua maioritaria, saami como lingua minoritaria
1.6
Laponia

Sottunga !Sottunga
—Unilingüe en sueco
91.0
, ÅlandÅland

Sund !Sund
—Unilingüe en sueco
92.3
, ÅlandÅland

Turku !Turku
Åbo
Finlandés como lingua maioritaria, sueco como lingua minoritaria
5.4
Finlandia Propia

Utsjoki !Utsjoki

saami setentrional: Ohcejohka
saami de Inari: Uccjuuhâ
saami de Skolt: Uccjokk

Finlandés como lingua maioritaria, saami como lingua minoritaria
46.0
Laponia

Vaasa !Vaasa
Vasa
Finlandés como lingua maioritaria, sueco como lingua minoritaria
22.7
Ostrobotnia

Vantaa !Vantaa
Vanda
Finlandés como lingua maioritaria, sueco como lingua minoritaria
2.7
Uusimaa

Vårdö !Vårdö
—Unilingüe en sueco
90.1
, ÅlandÅland

Vörå !Vörå
Vöyri
Sueco como lingua maioritaria, finlandés como lingua minoritaria
82.6
Ostrobotnia


Notas |




  1. ↑ 1,01,11,2 "Ruotsin- ja kaksikieliset kunnat" ("Swedish and Bilingual Municipalities")" (PDF) (en finés). Asociación de Autoridades Locais e Rexionais de Finlandia. 


  2. ↑ 2,02,12,2 Kenneth Douglas McRae, Mika Helander, Sari Luoma, Conflict and Compromise in Multilingual Societies: Finland, Volume 3, p. 231. Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 1999, ISBN 978-088920-347-1


  3. ↑ 3,03,1 ""Väestö kielen mukaan sekä ulkomaan kansalaisten määrä ja maa-pinta-ala alueittain 1980 – 2013" ("Population according to language and the number of foreigners and land area by region 1980 – 2013"" (en finés). Statistics Finland. [Ligazón morta]


  4. ↑ Heikki E. S. Mattila, Comparative Legal Linguistics, p. 55. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2006, ISBN 978-075464-874-1


  5. ↑ 5,05,15,2 Olli-Pekka Salo, "Finland's Official Bilingualism – A Bed of Roses or of Procrustes?", in Jan Blommaert, Sirpa Leppänen, Päivi Pahta (eds.), Dangerous Multilingualism: Northern Perspectives on Order, Purity and Normality, p. 28–9. Palgrave Macmillan, 2012, ISBN 978-023032-141-0


  6. ↑ Claus D. Pusch, "Old Minorities within a Language Space", in Peter Auer, Jürgen Erich Schmidt (eds.), Language and Space: An International Handbook of Linguistic Variation, Volume 1, p. 385–6. Walter de Gruyter, 2010, ISBN 978-311018-002-2


  7. ↑ "Statsrådets förordning om kommunernas språkliga status åren 2013–2022" (en sueco). Finlex. Consultado o 30 de maio de 2018. 



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